VITAMIN D3 (KILLS CANCER) VIA APOPTOSIS

Anti-apoptotic and Anti-fibrotic effects of Vitamin D ... In normal tissues, vitamin D plays an important role in regulating the proliferation by promoting apoptosis. For example, in breast tissue, vitamin D regulates apoptosis according to the requirements of the body at different physiological stages such as pregnancy and breastfeeding In addition to the normal tissues, vitamin D has been reported to be important in the regulation of hyperplasia in cancerous and noncancerous tissues via initiation of apoptosis in glioma, melanoma, and breast cancer cells. In breast cancer cells, Vitamin D induced apoptosis via interaction between Bcl2 and Bax. In colorectal cancer The amount of vitamin D receptors is an important factor in determining its potency in the regulation of tumor growth.

(RESEARCH) CAN IT BE TRUE ?

VITAMIN D IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM STUDY



The interaction of vitamin D with the immune system is one of its most well-known effects .

The active vitamin D regulates innate and adaptive immune system, because its receptors are widely present on many immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells .

Vitamin D is thought to be able to activate cathelicidins, antimicrobial peptides present within the lysosomes of macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cathelicidins play a key role in innate immune defense against bacterial infections . Cathelicidins regulate the transcription of vitamin D receptor as its gene promoter contains the functional response to vitamin D . The active vitamin D regulates this antimicrobial peptide function in many different types of cells, including macrophages, keratinocytes, lung epithelial cells, placental trophoblast cells, and myel.

Therefore, active vitamin D has been found to inhibit the initiation of many diseases, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Lyme arthritis.

In vitro studies on systemic lupus erythematosus revealed that the abnormal immune response may be reversed by addition of vitamin D; therefore, vitamin D deficiency is considered to be associated with loss of immune tolerance. Studies on rheumatoid arthritis found that the disease activity is negatively correlated with serum vitamin D concentration, and such a correlation is independent of the parathyroid function .


VITAMIN D AND CANCER ... Several studies have shown that vitamin D plays a protective role in several types of cancer, such as prostate, breast, and colon cancer Vitamin D has also been found to inhibit proliferation of a variety of human leukemia cell lines and induce differentiation of normal and leukemic myeloid precursor, thereby increasing maturation and decreasing aggressiveness of potential leukemic cells.

Therefore, vitamin D is helpful in the treatment of leukemia and other myeloproliferative disorders .

The state of knowledge on the protective effects in cancer of vitamin D is as follows. Active vitamin D promotes the transcription of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. This is sufficient to suppress growth of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and promote their differentiation. Active vitamin D induces the synthesis of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor.The proliferation of tumor cells is due to the overexpression of the TGF-α/EGFR pathway.

Active vitamin D could inhibit the TGF-α/EGFR growth pathway.In human epithelial cell tumors, C/EBPβ is considered to be effective in the inhibition of the carcinogenic cell cycle protein D1 .

In contrast, the C/EBPβ isoform LIP can enhance the activity of the carcinogenic cyclin D1 and induce cell growth. Therefore, the proliferative property of human tumors is inversely correlated to the intracellular C/EBPβ-to-LIP ratio.

The active vitamin D can induce the expression of C/EBPβ and prevent the proliferation of LIP epidermal growth factor receptor, thus reducing the occurrence of EGFR-driven related cancers .


Vitamin D plays a major role in cell metabolism as it regulates cell maturation, differentiation, and apoptosis ].


These features are related to the suppressed expression of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl2 in cancer cells and arrest of cell cycle in G0/G1, which reduces the rate of proliferation . Vitamin D was also found to have anti-inflammatory effects that can delay and prevent the development of cancers .

Studies have found that the adequacy of the content of vitamin D in the body is an important factor in predicting several types of cancer prognosis and mortality .


Conclusions

In the past decades, the function of vitamin D has been more deeply understood. The discovery of the vitamin D receptor enabled further investigations on the association of acute and chronic diseases with vitamin D deficiency. The pleiotropic effects of vitamin D and associated mechanisms are as stated. In addition, the paracrine and autocrine effects of vitamin D have a protective role in many diseases. Therefore, the application of vitamin D in disease treatment and prevention should be pursued.

MICHAEL HOLICK (VITAMIN D EXPERT)

VITAMIN D STUDY (NO TOXICITY)

FROM AUSTRALIA

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